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这个不雅的称号。朝时期，扬雄有时也作一些应景的文字，如朝初立，他曾作
过《剧秦美》颂，这也是一篇颇遭物议的文章；又作过《琴清音》等音乐著作四
篇，王莽当作《乐经》立于学官[注]。元帝后、成帝母、王莽姑母王政君死，王莽
诏扬雄作诔[注]以悼之。等等。但他的主要精力仍是学术研究。
这时扬雄的学术著作主要有《续史记》和《方言》。《论衡·须颂》：&1dquo;司马
子长记黄帝以至孝武，扬子云录宣帝以至哀平。”《史通·史官建置》亦载：&1dquo;司
马迁既没，后之续《史记》者，若褚先生、刘向、冯商、扬雄之徒，并以别职来知
史务。”又见《古今正史篇》。雄著《法言》时，即对司马迁《史记》是非颇谬于
圣人、六经表示不满，他续史记的工作当在作《法言》之后。王充又说扬雄《续史
记》&1dquo;录宣帝以至哀平”，其著作时间自然不能早于衷平。当在王莽之时。
《方言》全称是《囗轩使者绝代语释别国方言》，盖系因循周秦派遣囗轩使者
调察各地风俗语言的掌故，如前所说，扬雄《方言》书稿，最初得力于蜀人严君平
和林闾翁孺。扬雄至京师后，又坚持数十年亲自访求各地方言俗语，随时加以整理。
其《答刘歆书》说：&1dquo;故天下上计孝廉及内郡卫卒会者，雄常把三寸弱翰，资油素
四尺，以问其异语，归即以铅摘次之于椠，27岁于今矣。”三寸弱翰即毛，四尺
油素即油漆过的白绢记录本。扬雄常带着记录工具采访上计使者，记录各地方言，
回家后再摘录下来。如此持续了27年，增增补补，一直没有定稿，也没有向外界公
布。至王莽天凤三年（公元16年）刘歆编《七略》，向他牵取《方言》稿本，扬雄
才在《答书》中才将搜集撰著此书的甘甘苦苦，曲曲折折，原原本本地披露出来[注]。
《方言》是一部记录当时全国范围内各地语言资料的工具书，是当时活生生的语言
资料。对促进语言语音的统一，消除当时社会交往中的语言障碍，为巩固祖国统一
奠定语言基础，都具有重大意义。但是宋洪迈《容斋三》因《汉书·艺文志》没
有著录，怀疑扬对本书的著作权。后来也有不少人争相附和。细审各项记录，这种
怀疑是没有必要的。一则扬雄《答刘歆书》明确记录了本书的撰著经过，而且明确
告诉我们在刘歆编录时尚未定搞，扬雄拒绝借阅，刘氏《七略》不曾著录。后来根
据《七略》删削的《汉书·艺文志》不载此书，是十分可能的。况且东汉博学淹通
🎁免费-纯欲御姐主播请退出浏览器阅读模式，否则将导致章节内容缺失及无法阅读下一章。
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